Understanding the basics of why the decibel system was created:

Forms of wire make a big difference in sound travel. Some wires lose strength depending on their length. A good example would be to notice how even wireless signals have a maximum distance of service. In the creation of communication devices, many well known telephone engineers realized that sound had limits and needed to be understood. The decibel system was invented to measure the capabilities of many different types of wire materials in which sound travels. Although it is one step in measuring sound levels, it is not the only way to measure each section of the sound spectrum. A good example would be frequency; which, is measured in hertz. As you advance in audio engineering and manipulation, you will notice that there are so many different ways to measure the levels that pertain to audio. The decibel system is just the basics.

The difference between an Epilogue and a Prologue

In a story there are such things as the beginning and an end. The epilogue concludes the story with a written speech, usually to bring closure to a piece of work; while the prologue introduces with a written speech (greeting) or gives more meaning to the story. Each form has its purpose. The epilogue can give hints of a sequel and the prologue can explain certain details as the story begins.

The Casting Call Process:

A casting call consist of a production team looking for a person to fit a role for a film. Here is a list of things that are required at a casting call:

• Headshot
• Resume
• Audition Script

The process is simple; the director or crew watch you audition. They then review the audition footage for the roles. The director then decides, after reviewing the auditions on who will get the part. Once the director decides on the role they call the person back.

Balanced and Unbalanced streams of sound and how they are affected:

When audio flows through a cable it can pick up noise. That noise comes from signals or other electronic frequencies already in the air. The cables have to be sensitive to be able to pickup sound so just imagine what other noise they will pickup. You will also notice some other things about cables that are used in sound. A regular cable (unbalanced), only has one wire wrapped in insolation. This cable is insolated to help decrease the effect of other noise in the air. That means that one wire is carrying the sound from one end to the other. The question remains: "Why would that one wire pickup noise?" Is it picking up noise because it's making noise? So now let's try two cables with insolation. One cable goes in one direction from positive to negative and the other cable goes in the other direction from negative to positive. Will these streams of sound even themselves out? These questions will lead you to understand how the wrapping, direction, and size of such cables are affected by all different kinds of conditions. Streams of sound can even be distorted by maneuvering the cable into a coil of some sort. These balanced and unbalanced measures of sound will give you an understanding of how certain types of cables can play a big role in sound quality.

Simplifying Impedance in sound:

Let's say you have a tube and you want to make the sound louder so you add electrical current to push the sound. Since current travels from positive to negative or negative to positive, you can use it to escort sound in a sense, as long as you have power. What you use to push the current would be an amplifier that controls the velocity of the power source. It's important to remember that you have limits on how much current you can push because the power is limited. After pushing the current at certain quantities, say you notice that the current is overheating the tube that it's flowing through. In this case, you need to slow it down. To slow it down you would need insolation or something to slow down the current. What you would use is a resistor or a capacitor. The current flows through the resistor at a limited rate depending on the type of resistor; the current flows through a capacitor like a bucket that fills the capacitor to the top then stops. This slow down of current is known as impedance because you can measure the effect that the resistor or capacitor has on the current that is pushing the sound. These adjustments in current flow are noticed when listening to the sound because you can hear the distortion.

Explaining Phantom Power:

Some microphones require power because they contain an amplifier within the microphone. That is why you will notice that most high powered microphones have three coils at the male and female ends. These microphones use 48 volts of power (depending on the type of microphone) to amplify the sounds through such audio devices. It is important to know how to identify microphones that use phantom power because Ribbon and Dynamic Microphones do not need such power or 48 volts to function. Microphones that require phantom power are called Condenser Microphones. It's important to know that phantom power is not to be supplied to ribbon microphones because it may harm the microphone. When you look at a mixer you may see a button that says phantom power, this button is to be applied to microphones that use phantom power. Please note that the reason why it is called phantom power is because the power supply is invisible because it is built into the mixer.

References:
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SYFKABCAifU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6McmnSmiY5o

Tips on Balancing a camera:

When in production sometimes it can be hard to balance your camera, especially when shooting an action shot. Here are a few tips to make sure you have a good even shot without any shaking:

• Use a tripod with a leveler.
• On the tripod make sure the bubble balancer is in the middle of the circle.
• When holding your camera lean up against something that is solid.
• Sit Indian Style and place your back up against a solid wall etc.
• Get on one knee, point the camera, and place an elbow on the top of the leg not bracing the ground.
• Lay on a flat service while putting your elbows on the ground to balance the camera.
• Place the camera on something solid that is not moving.
• Sit on the ground and prop your knees up almost Indian Style and brace your elbows on your knees while sitting.
• Use a tripod.

These are a few ways to use a camera and get good balance. These are also ways to get good shots with your camera without having the camera shake. Good luck.